With the development of high-tech industries around the world, the use of technology-critical elements (TCEs) has rapidly increases in manufacturing of integrated circuits, optoelectronic devices and solar cell etc. These trace elements are likely to be released into the environment and interact with the biosphere. However, the environmental toxicity and hazardous impact of TCEs are poorly understood. Fish embryo-larval assays provide high-throughput and effective screening tools for evaluating toxic elements. In this study, we employed early life stages of medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) to investigate the acute mortality and developmental toxicity of several TCEs including vanadium (V), tellurium (Te) and germanium (Ge). The survival and hatching rates, heart beat and teratogenic effects of treated embryos were measured within 6 days of chemical exposures. The locomotor activities of hatchlings from treated embryos including the average velocity, percentage time active, relative turn angle, absolute turn angle and maximum velocity were analyzed at 3 day-post-hatching. The results showed that the 6-day LC50 value of V was 905.6 mg/L. The hatching time of treated embryos (400 mg/L V) was delayed with reduced hatching rates as compared to the control. The heart-beating rates were not significantly reduced for concentration ranging from 100 to 1000 mg/L as compared to the control. This is the first study confirming the embryonic toxicity and larval behavior following V exposure in medaka fish. The subsequent research will identify the toxicity of Te and Ge. This study will provide a basis for understanding developmental toxicity of different TCEs.