Adsorption onto mineral and organic surfaces can profoundly affect the mobility and fate of dissolved ions in natural environments, however currently there is a poor understanding of antimony (Sb) adsorption onto mixture of these two sorbents. Manganese oxides in soils, sediments and water systems can bind strongly with bacterial biomass through physical-chemical processes to form bacteria-mineral composites, which may play a significant role in determining the sequestration of antimony at solid interfaces. In the study, we synthesis mineral-bacteria composite using birnessite and Sb-tolerant Bacillus cereus that isolated from Sb-contaminated soils in Lengshuijiang City, China; we investigate the binding of Sb(V) on cell-birnessite composite using batch adsorption coupled with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). From the Scanning electron microscope, we can see that the flaky birnessite is tightly bound to the surfaces of bacterial cells. Adsorption of Sb(V) conforms to the Langmuir isotherm model, wih maximum adsorption of Sb(V) of ~59.2 mg g^–1 on birnessite, compared to that of 14.3 mg g^–1 on isolated bacteria. The adsorption of Sb(V) decreases with pH increasing from 3 to 10. The adsorption of Sb(V) on the B. cereus-birnessite composite is intermediate between those on the end-members. Morevoer, Sb(V) adsorption conforms to a non-additive rule, i.e., Sb removal by cell-birnessite composites is ~16-50% larger than that predicted based on the end-member adsorptivities. XPS results confirm that Sb binds to the MnOH groups of birnessite, and the carboxyl and amino groups of bacteria in the cell-birnessite composite. In these cases, our results indicate that it wil be important to consider the fate and mobility of antimony with respect to manganese oxides-organo composites, in addition to pure mineral phases. Future work should focus on the changes of environmental factors such as under anaerobic condition or in the presence of trivalent antimony.