Adsorption and immobilization of Cd from aqueous solution and soil using Bacillus sp. loaded biochars derived from different stock materials

Lu Wanga,b, Z. Lia,b, X. Liua,b, P. C. Brookesa,b and J. Xua,b

aCollege of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, China

bZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, China

Lucas_wanglu@163.com

Cadmium(Cd) removal by biological approaches using bacteria has received a great interest as it is environmental friendly and cheap. Furthermore, biochar could provide carbon sources and shelter bacteria from toxicant such as high Cd concentration in aqueous or soil. In comparison with raw biochar, bacteria loaded biochar could increased the absorption ability of Cd without new pollutants introduction. Therefore, three kinds of biochar, one derived from rice straw (RB), one from pig manure (PB), and another derived form rice straw loaded by Fe3O4 (magnetic biochar, MB), were used as the carriers and co-sorbent of a bacteria (K1) to absorb Cd in aqueous solution and soil. MB+K1 showed better capability in decrease of Cd in solution. In soil, MB+K1 also showed best effect and decreased soil available Cd from 370 ppb to 25 ppb, compared with the MB decreased to 80 ppb. Co-application of K1 also eased the acid effect of magnetic biochar and increased soil pH to 7. BCR fraction analysis indicated that K1 decreased the acid-soluble Cd fraction. Furthermore, MB could decrease both acid-soluble and reducible fraction and increase the residual fraction.

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